In order to construct a building that will last into the future, a strong foundation is a prerequisite. Electricity is define as the flow of electron or electric current. When an electric circuit flows through a conductor, a magnetic field or flux develops around the conductor. When beginning to explore the world of electricity and electronics, it is vital to start by understanding the basics of voltage, current, and resistance. Audible noise an a measure in units of decibels on a logarithmic scale. Then we will step through each of these topics in detail. Suffice it to say that two of the tiny particles that make up atoms protons. Apparent power is total power supplied to a circuit inclusive of the true and reactive power. The current density, which we have defined as the current thr ough unit ar ea nor mal to the curr ent is also dir ected along e, and is also a vector j j. Basic electrical engineering pdf notes bee pdf notes. Voltage voltage is electrical pressure, a potential force or difference in electrical charge between two points. Static electricity is, for the most part, a nuisance. Basic concept of eee electrical and electronics engineering.
At first, these concepts can be difficult to understand because we cannot see them. Basic concepts of alternating current ced engineering. It is typically formed by charge separation by contact and separation of dissimilar materials. Kuphaldt fifth edition, last update october 18, 2006. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Introduction chapter 1 direct current direct current basics dc circuits magnetism chapter 2 alternating current alternating current basics inductance and capacitance ac circuits transformers final exam if. Ohms law is the relationship between power, voltage, current and resistance. Distribution line a line that carries electricity at lower voltages of 12kv to 44kv and is used to distribute power.
Basic concept of current, voltage, power, and energy september 15, 2017 basic electrical. Analogies to water have been made to help people understand different concepts encountered in electrical engineering. Mar 08, 2011 basic electrical concepts in each plant, the mechanical movement of different equipments is caused by an electric prime mover motor. Flow of electric current through a conductor experiences a certain amount of resistance. Apparent power is the product of voltage and ampere, i. Computer hardware and servicing lesson 4, module 4 ma. The type of electricity that is used to power things we use is called current electricity. Elements of electrical circuits, serialsparallel resistors. Current electricity a battery of internal resistance r, when connected across 2. Whether it is an electrical heater, a large electrical grid system, a mobile phone, computer, remote sensor node or whatever, the concept of electrical current is central to its. In this post we cover ohms law, ac and dc current, circuits and more. Current can be expressed in a number of different ways.
Is defined as the flow of electron or electric current. How the electric utility industry generates and delivers power to its customers covering basics, delivery, safety and generation. Lessons in electric circuits, volume i dc by tony r. You should also understand the concepts, such as resistance, resistivity and conductivity.
Pdf chapter 1 of the book,basic concepts of electrical. Just like marbles in a tube or water in a pipe, it takes some kind of influencing force to initiate flow. As was previously mentioned, we need more than just a continuous path circuit before a continuous flow of electrons will occur. While it is possible to produce motors powered by high voltage and low current characteristics of static electricity, this is not economic. The resistance, expressed in ohms, named after george ohm, kiloohms k, , or megaohms m, 106 is a measure of how much a resistor resists the flow of electricity. Intro to electricity nyu tandon school of engineering. The handbook includes information on alternating current ac and direct current dc theory, circuits, motors, and generators. Introduction chapter 1 direct current direct current basics dc circuits magnetism chapter 2 alternating current alternating current basics inductance and capacitance ac circuits transformers final exam if you do not have a basic. Basic electricity fundamentals information in power and energy. We will also talk about power, which is what happens when voltage and current act together. Electrical current flows from a region of high charge or potential to a region of low potential. Electrical current, voltage, resistance, capacitance, and inductance are a few of. Electrical power is derived from either utilities or internal generators and is distributed through transformers to deliver usable voltage levels. Brush up on some basic electrical theory and deepen your knowledge about electricity.
This curriculum unit is designed to teach a few basic concepts of electricity to middle school students. If the particles accumulate on an object, we term this static electricity. Basic electronics concepts tutorials electronics notes. Black powder and smokeless powder have graphite added to prevent ignition due to static electricity. Feb, 2009 electricity and magnetism basic concepts slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In electronics and electrical technology, a coil is. Sep 15, 2017 basic concept of current, voltage, power, and energy september 15, 2017 basic electrical to understand the electrical concept it is necessary to properly know about current, voltage, power, and energy. Lets start with three very basic concepts of electricity. It causes damage to sensitive semiconductor circuitry. Electric current is one of the most basic concepts that exists within electrical and electronic science electric current is at the core of the science of electricity. Supplementary materials such as handouts and vocabulary cards will be presented in the unit. These are the three basic building blocks required to manipulate and utilize electricity. In the present chapter, we shall study some of the basic laws concerning steady electric currents.
Espino buhatan national high school purok marcos, buhatan, sorsogon city 2. Because human hearing is not equally sensitive to all frequencies of sound, certain frequencies are. Lessons in electric circuits volume i dc chapter 1. Tutorials about the basic electrical, electronics and radio concepts that are the basis for todays technology. A convention is a standard way of describing something so that others in. Note also that there is only one sort of mass, positive mass and that the gravitational interaction is always attractive, whereas in the case of electric charge there are.
Electrical fundamentals general electricity is a form of. Direct current dc electric current flows continuously in the same direction as contrasted with alternating current. The electrical science handbook consists of fifteen modules that are contained in four volumes. What rule is used to determine the polarity of a coil when the direction of the electron current flow in the coil is known. Electric charge refers to a fundamental property of matter that even physicists dont totally understand. Ideal current source practical current source solved examples. Oct 21, 2015 learn basic electrical concepts and terms. Chapter 1 basic concepts of electricity pdf version as was previously mentioned, we need more than just a continuous path i.
Why should you understand electricity current and amperes potential difference and volts relationship between potential difference and current sources of potential difference concept of resistance ohms law dc and ac current why. For the following concepts please also consult the course book physical computing osullivanigoe chapter 1 pp. What happens to the twopole field of a coil when the current through the coil is reversed. As shown in figure 11, generators, transmission lines and transformers are the three main components of power systems, and will be discussed in this module. To understand the electrical concept it is necessary to properly know about current, voltage, power, and energy. In practical, no current source can be ideal, practical current source is always shown with resistance in parallel. Electricity and magnetism basic concepts slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Carbon film decomposition of carbon film on a ceramic core. Basic concepts chapter objectives discuss the history of electricity present a basic overview of todays electric power system discuss general terminology and basic concepts used in the power industry explain the key terms voltage, current, power, and energy. The path that electricity follows is called a circuit.
The concepts discussed herein are intended to provide explanation and clarification of basic electrical safety for individuals who have little or limited training or familiarity with the field of electricity. Volume 1 of 4 module 1 basic electrical theory this module describes basic electrical concepts and introduces electrical terminology. Fundamentals of electricity the flow of free electrons in the same general direction from atom to atom is referred to as current and it is measured in amperes amps or a. An ideal current source is one which delivers a current of constant magnitude, totally independent of the external network connected. Electricity is the part and parcel of our modern life and it is the most widely used form of energy. Man has learnt about electricity from nature as it is also a basic part of nature. One ampere is 6,280,000,000,000,000,000 electrons passing a point in one second. It can push electrical current through a wire, but not through its insulation. The math and basic electrical concepts of this unit are very similar to the foundation of a building. Ohms law is the basic formula used in all ac and dc electrical circuits. The highest flux density occurs when the conductor is formed into a coil having many turns.
The challenge of learning the concepts of electricity is that electrons are hard to see and its hard for people to tell what is going on in a circuit. Power systems basic concepts and applications part i page 2 module 2. Current i current is the quantity of electrons passing a given point. Voltage and current as was previously mentioned, we need more than just a continuous path circuit before a continuous flow of electrons will occur. Basic electrical engineering pdf free download links. Basic concepts of electrical engineering 8 the value of the voltage or current of an a. Voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity. Electricity flows from the negative side of a battery, through the wires, and lights the bulb. Dynamic electricity, or electric current, is the uniform motion of electrons through a conductor. Resistor concept i flow of electric current through a conductor experiences a certain amount of resistance. Module 1 basic electrical theory this module describes basic electrical concepts and introduces electrical terminology. Overview this module discusses the main components of power systems. The number of electrons that flow through a conductors crosssection in one second determines amps. Suffice it to say that two of the tiny particles that make up atoms protons and electrons are the bearers of electric charge.
There are a number of basic concepts that form the foundations of todays electronics and radio technology. An introduction to electric power transmission presentation. Both have the same basic form in that the force varies inversely with r2 and directly with either the product of the masses or the product of the charges of the objects. Basic definitionterminology alternating current ac electric current in which the direction of the currents flow is reversed or alternated at 60hz in the u. Let us now see what happens to such a piece of conductor if an electric field is applied. Current will flow in a conductor as long as voltage, the electrical pressure, is applied to the conductor. Static electricity is an unmoving if on an insulator, accumulated charge formed by either an excess or deficiency of electrons in an object. The following is a brief description of the information presented in each module of the handbook.
We will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities. Basic concepts of electricity workforce libretexts. Module 2 basic dc theory this module describes the basic concepts of direct current dc electrical circuits and discusses the associated terminology. It is an invisible form of energy that can be transformed into other forms of energy like heat light and mechanical. The current density, which we have defined as the current thr ough unit ar ea nor mal to the curr ent is also dir ected along e, and is also a vector j j ee. Current electricity 95 number of electrons travelling in any direction will be equal to the number of electrons travelling in the opposite direction. Current electricity is electricity that flows through wires. An understanding of these principles is essential for comprehension of oshas electrical safety standards.
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